Ikääntyneen lonkkamurtumapotilaan suun terveys

Terveyden- ja hyvinvointilaitoksen (THL) mukaan keskimäärin 7 000 ihmistä saa vuosittain lonkkamurtuman. Tilastojen pohjalta tyypillinen lonkkamurtumapotilas on monisairas yli 80-vuotias nainen. Murtumat aiheuttavat suuria yhteiskunnallisia kustannuksia. Opinnäytetyön tarkoituksena oli saada selville millainen on ikääntyneen lonkkaleikkauspotilaan suun terveys lonkkaleikkauksen jälkeisellä hoitojaksolla ja mitkä ovat näiden potilaiden keskeiset suun terveyden ongelmat. Opinnäytetyö oli osa Ravlon-hanketta. Opinnäytetyön toteutus tapahtui Turun kaupunginsairaalan ortopedisellä kuntoutusosastolla. Ravlon-hankkeen tarkoituksena oli selvittää ikääntyneiden lonkkaleikkauspotilaiden kuntoutusta suhteessa heidän saamaansa ravintoon. Suuhygienistiopiskelijat tutkivat potilaiden suun terveyttä osastolla, Suun terveydentilan selvitys -lomakkeen (LIITE 1-2) avulla. Hanke tarjosi opinnäytetyöaiheen kahdelle opiskelijaryhmälle. Ensimmäinen opinnäytetyö julkaistiin vuoden 2011 lopussa (Luomala, Niemenmaa & Salonen 2011). Tämä opinnäytetyö jatkaa ja vahvistaa aikaisemman opinnäytetyön tuloksia. Opinnäytetyön menetelmäksi valikoitui kvantitatiivinen eli määrällinen tutkimusmenetelmä, koska tutkimusaineisto oli numeraalisessa muodossa ja sitä pystyttiin tutkimaan erilaisilla tilastollisilla ohjelmilla. Tuloksista selviää, että lonkkamurtumapotilailla suun terveydentilan ongelmat ovat moninaiset. Suurimmat suun terveydentilan ongelmat olivat plakin määrä, ienongelmat, huonosti istuvat proteesit sekä hampaiden puhdistusvälineiden puuttuminen. Lonkkamurtumapotilailla oli runsaasti jatkohoidon tarvetta. Potilailla ei kuitenkaan ollut omien kokemustensa mukaan suussa tuntemuksia. Tämä oli kuitenkin ristiriidassa kliinisten havaintojen kanssa. Keskeiseksi havainnoksi nousikin potilaiden vähättelevä suhtautuminen suun terveyden ongelmiinsa.According to National Institute for Health and Welfare there are approximately 7 000 hip fractures annually. Statistically a typical hip fracture patient is an elderly woman with many diseases. Hip fractures cause substantial costs to the society. The purpose of Bachelor’s theses was to find out the status of oral health amongst the elderly hip fracture patients after the surgery. Another purpose was to find out what were the main oral problems with these patients. Bachelor’s thesis was a part of the Ravlon Project, and it was implemented in a ward at Turku City Hospital. The purpose of the Ravlon Project was to find out the significance of nutrition in the healing process of an elderly hip fracture patient. Dental hygienist students examined the oral health of elderly patients in the ward using a form designed for the task. The Ravlon Project gave topic to two dental hygienist student groups. The first Bachelor’s thesis was published in 2011 (Luomala, Niemenmaa & Salonen 2011). This Bachelor’s thesis continues the work of the first thesis and verifies the results with a larger number of patients. The method of the thesis was chose to be quantitative. The research material was in a numeral form, so it was easy to examine it with statistical programmes. The results of Bachelor’s thesis are that there are many oral problems with the elderly hip fracture patients. The main problems are dental plaque, gum problems, poorly stable dentures and the lack of dental hygiene products. Hip fracture patients were in a need of dental treatment. According to the patients, they did not have dental problems. This differs from the clinical observations. A crucial observation was that the elderly have a dismissive attitude towards dental health

CSR communication in B2B business: "It is a bonus, not a priority."

Objective of the Study: The objective of the thesis was to shed light on how suppliers communicate CSR to organizational buyers in B2B business relationships by studying the topic from the buyer's perspective. More specifically, the study examined how organizational buyers perceive the role of CSR in business, how they perceive CSR communication practiced by suppliers, and to what extent organizational buyers process CSR communication when making buying decisions. The topic was scrutinized in the context of the Finnish shipping industry by way of studying the company Finnlines as the case organization. Methodology and the Analytical Framework: The study was conducted as a qualitative single case study using semi-structured interviews with four international organizational buyers who work in a department of altogether 11 buyers. The interviews were conducted in Helsinki and an interview guide was formulated to guide the research. The analytical framework of the study was constructed on the basis of the research questions. It consisted of three main parts: 1) B2B business relationship between the supplier and the buyer 2) CSR communication and 3) the organizational buying-decision. Findings and Conclusions: The main findings of the study were threefold. First, the findings showed that CSR was perceived rather traditionally, emphasizing the economic and legal aspect of responsibility, and the role of CSR was perceived mostly as enhancing corporate reputation. Furthermore, the buyers experienced that the suppliers did not heavily promote CSR in their communication, and if they did promote it, the buyers had a somewhat skeptical stance towards it. Finally, the findings showed that CSR communication was perceived as something extra while concurrently the organizational buyers were receptive to CSR messages; yet their motivation to process CSR communication was low and the effect of CSR communication on the buyer's buying- decision was marginal at most. These findings indicate that the case organization should emphasize CSR issues, both in the purchasing department and in the organization in general, in order to leverage competitive advantage. For supplier organizations in shipping, the findings indicate that supplier organizations should plan their CSR communications more carefully in order to influence organizational buyers in their supplier selections. Moreover, the findings indicate that B2B shipping organizations in general should further emphasize CSR both in their operations and in their communications to gain an image of a forerunner organization and gain a competitive edge over competitors

The 'Incel' Phenomenon in the Digital Era--How Echo Chambers have Fueled the Incel Movement

The “incel” phenomenon began after 2010 when like-minded young – mostly straight white – men started to share similar thoughts and worldviews on certain digital platforms and online forums leading to an exclusive community. The phenomenon is characterized by misogynism, racism and homophobia. The most extreme forms of the phenomenon have led to violent hate crimes. The aim of this paper is to understand this phenomenon and analyze it by applying the echo chamber theory

A Comprehensive User Modeling Framework and a Recommender System for Personalizing Well-Being Related Behavior Change Interventions: Development and Evaluation

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Kinetic and NMR spectroscopic study of the Chemical Stability and Reaction Pathways of Sugar Nucleotides

The alkaline cleavage of two types of sugar nucleotides has been studied by 1H and 31P NMR in order to obtain information on the stability and decomposition pathways in in aqueous solutions under alkaline conditions. The reaction of glucose 1-UDP is straightforward, and products are easy to identify. The results obtained with ribose 5-UDP and ribose 5-phosphate reveal, in contrast, a more complex reaction system than expected, and the identification of individual intermediate species was not possible. Even though definite proof for the mechanisms previously proposed could not be obtained, all the spectroscopic evidence is consistent with them. Results also emphasise the significant effect of conditions, pH, ionic strength and temperature, on the reactivity under chemical conditions.</p

Evaluasi Pengetahuan Sebelum dan Sesudah Penyuluhan Tentang Kanker Payudara dan Praktek Sadari di Madrasah Aliyah Hidayatul Muslimin 2 Kecamatan Sungai Raya Kabupaten Kubu Raya Tahun 2017

Pengetahuan merupakan hasil dari tahu dan ini terjadi setelah orang melakukan pengindraan terhadap suatu objek tertentu. Kanker payudara adalah suatu penyakit dimana terjadi pertumbuhan berlebihan atau perkembangan tidak terkontrol dari sel-sel (jaringan) payudara. Diperkirakan bahwa di seluruh dunia lebih dari 508 000 wanita meninggal pada tahun 2011 karena kanker payudara. prevalensi kanker payudara di Indonesia mencapai 0,5 per 1000 perempuan. Pada tahun 2003 berjumlah 221 orang, mengalami kenaikan tiga kali lipat pada tahun 2012. Tujuan umum dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi pengetahuan sebelum dan sesudah penyuluhan tentang kanker payudara dan praktek SADARI di Madrasah Aliyah Hidayatul Muslimin 2 Kecamatan Sungai Raya Kabupaten Kubu Raya tahun 2017. Desain penelitian ini adalah Quasi Eksperimen. Dengan rancangan penelitian One Group Pre- Post test. Dengan menggunakan alat ukur kuesioner dan lembar checklist. Dari hasil penelitian Sebelum penyuluhan dan praktek didapatkan sebagian dari responden dengan pengetahuan baik yaitu 41 responden (56,9%) dan sebagian dari responden dengan praktek baik yaitu 33 responden (45,8%). Dan sesudah penyuluhan dan praktek sebagian dari responden dengan pengetahuan baik yaitu 38 responden (52,8%) dan sebagian besar responden dengan praktek baik yaitu 47 responden (65,3%), diketahui hasil uji statistik T-Test pengetahuan -4, 947 dan T-Test praktek yaitu -14,761 didapatkan nilai P-Value 0,0001 < 0,05 yang berarti Ha diterima yaitu ada perbedaan pengetahuan sebelum dan sesudah diberikan penyuluhan,dan.praktek. Kesimpulan hasil penelitian ini sebaiknya siswi rutin melakukan SADARI setiap bulan pada hari ke 5-10 menstruasi sehingga dapat mendeteksi dini adanya kelainan pada payudara

Prospects for laser based powder bed fusion in the manufacturing of metal electrodes: A review

Additive manufacturing, (AM), includes seven subcategories that can directly manufacture components structures from a computer-designed model layer by layer. Laser-based powder bed fusion (L-PBF) is one of type of the subcategories of AM. L-PBF is a fast and cost-efficient production method that offers the advantages of being implementable with a diverse range of raw materials, possessing a high level of freedom in customization, and producing less waste. L-PBF can potentially enable the production of hierarchically complex shaped electrochemical separation units. This study examines the use of L-PBF for the fabrication of metal electrodes for electrochemical processes. The aim is to address a literature gap by presenting a state-of-the-art review of L-PBF electrodes used in electrochemical cells. The study investigates existing research on electrochemistry and identifies potential benefits from use of L-PBF metal electrodes. Electrochemical reactors in industry require electrodes with a large electrode/electrolyte interface that can hold electrolytes efficiently and reduce the diffusion path of electrons and ions on the active surface of electrode. Meeting these demands require electrodes with specific characteristics such as high surface area and improved mass transport. This review shows that L-PBF can manufacture optimized electrodes satisfying the requirements for electrochemical cells in industrial applications (c) 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ )</p

Chatbots to Support Mental Wellbeing of People Living in Rural Areas: Can User Groups Contribute to Co-design?

Digital technologies such as chatbots can be used in the field of mental health. In particular, chatbots can be used to support citizens living in sparsely populated areas who face problems such as poor access to mental health services, lack of 24/7 support, barriers to engagement, lack of age appropriate support and reductions in health budgets. The aim of this study was to establish if user groups can design content for a chatbot to support the mental wellbeing of individuals in rural areas. University students and staff, mental health professionals and mental health service users (N = 78 total) were recruited to workshops across Northern Ireland, Ireland, Scotland, Finland and Sweden. The findings revealed that participants wanted a positive chatbot that was able to listen, support, inform and build a rapport with users. Gamification could be used within the chatbot to increase user engagement and retention. Content within the chatbot could include validated mental health scales and appropriate response triggers, such as signposting to external resources should the user disclose potentially harmful information or suicidal intent. Overall, the workshop participants identified user needs which can be transformed into chatbot requirements. Responsible design of mental healthcare chatbots should consider what users want or need, but also what chatbot features artificial intelligence can competently facilitate and which features mental health professionals would endorse